> Empirically that seems to be false

Could you tell me on what data you are basing this argument on? I see this sentiment pop up in every related conversation but haven't seen the source of these claims. Could you help me out?

Here's some articles on Europe falling behind the US and China in business creation: https://www.economist.com/briefing/2021/06/05/once-a-corpora... , https://www.weforum.org/stories/2019/03/europe-is-no-longer-... , https://www.wsj.com/tech/europe-big-tech-ai-1f3f862c , https://skaleegenkapital.com/2025/03/11/a-decade-of-startup-... .

Thank you

It's ok not to comment. These discussions are often times the opposite of useful.

An interesting viewpoint on why mathematicians focus so much on rigor and definitions, even to the detriment of quick learning and intuition.

To answer my own question, I've been enamoured with the university of Finland's MOOC on learning Haskell. https://haskell.mooc.fi/

I've got no idea what I'll do with Haskell, but I do like that I know something more about it now.

I don't think that's this is useful tool to become a mathematician. Becoming one does not necessarily involve solving these kinds of puzzle exercises.

It's a useful to hone your creative thinking and learning how to approach a mathematical problem, but it wont make you a mathematician.

Hi I am seeing a lot of good resources in this thread already but I might have something to add. I am also learning Haskell at the moment, and the thing that really helped me push through it was this MOOC (Massive Open Online Course) by the university of Helsinki which is completely free and online available.

https://haskell.mooc.fi/

It's a structured, has a lot of excercises and so far (I am on Lecture 5 at the moment) very clear. It wont make you an expert, but will get you writing code quickly.

Honestly, the most important skill is to learn how to learn. There are some basics that will always be useful such as SQL or any of the popular high level programming languages. But in 10 years, the demands of whatever sector you want to work in will have changed in ways that we can only guess. But learning how you learn, what techniques help you stay focused are much more useful in the long term.

If you are serious on going into research, seek out (abstract) mathematics. It's a language in itself and (in my experience) takes the longest to become comfortable with.

I'd doubly emphasize this. Technology changes rapidly regardless of bubbles, its better to learn how to pick up skills quickly and grok (deeply understand) them.

I found these two courses to be really good foundations for kicking off in my own reeducation post-bachelors (in CS). They filled in blanks and reinvigorated my internal monologue of "yes i can do/learn that" growth mindset.

https://www.coursera.org/learn/learning-how-to-learn

https://www.coursera.org/learn/mathematical-thinking

Thanks for this resource! And the advice! Thanks parent comment for your advice too!