...isn't the front-end back-end split about dividing by purpose? Front-end is user interactions; back-end is about data retrieval and storage (some which might be the user interactions supplied by the front-end).
Ultimately either can do analysis of data, though tradeoffs generally push that to one side of the API or the other.
Dividing by technology is often a bad idea.
Divide by purpose and then group tech that suites that purpose.